Tsubasa Sasaki

Morgan Stanley MUFG Securities Co., Ltd. is the Japanese broker-dealer subsidiary of Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) in the US. Headquartered in Tokyo, the firm was founded in 1984 and provides investment banking, sales & trading, real estate and investment management products and services. It offers securities services including global sales and trading in fixed income and equities, debt and equities financing and investment research. The firm is a provider of products and services in fixed income, equities, global capital markets and investment research to corporations and institutional clients in Japan.

Nikko Citigroup Ltd. (Broker) (NC-BR) is the brokerage operating division of Nikko Citigroup Ltd., the Tokyo-based wholesale brokerage arm of Citigroup, Inc. (NYSE: C). Established in 2007, the firm was previously known as Nikko Citigroup Securities Co. Ltd. and can trace their origins back to 1944 when Nikko Securities Ltd. was founded. In 1999 Nikko Cordial Corp. (TSE: 8603) and Citigroup combined operations to become a global wholesale investment bank offering. NC-BR offers asset management consulting and investment advice to retail and corporate clients. They operate in close relationship with Nikko Citigroup for underwriting, M&A advisory services, and fixed-income and equity trading.

Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley Securities Co., Ltd. (MUMSS) is an independent securities brokerage firm headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. The firm was founded in 1948 through a joint venture between Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Holdings Co. Ltd. and Morgan Stanley Japan Holdings Co. Ltd. MUMSS offers domestic retail brokerage services to corporate and institutional clients.

Citigroup Global Markets Japan, Inc. (CGM-JP) is a wholly-owned broker/dealer subsidiary of Citigroup Japan Holdings GK, ultimately held by Citigroup, Inc. (NYSE: C) in the US. Previously known as Nikko Citigroup Ltd., the firm was founded in 1999 as a joint venture between US-based Citigroup and Nikko Securities, based in Japan. Headquartered in Tokyo, CGM-JP provides brokerage services to governmental institutions, financial institutions, multinational corporations and institutional investors. Their sales and trading, distribution and research capabilities span a broad range of asset classes, currencies, sectors and products including equities, commodities, credit, futures, foreign exchange (FX), emerging markets, G10 rates, municipals, prime finance and securitized markets.