Jay Harry Menning

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

Founded in 1964 by Art Phillips, Bob Hager and Rudy North, Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management (PH&N) is an investment advisor headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm is an operating division of RBC Global Asset Management (RBC GAM), itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) which acquired PH&N in May 2008. In November 2010, PH&N amalgamated with their affiliate, RBC Asset Management, Inc. to form RBC GAM. RBC GAM is the fund manager and principal portfolio advisor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds. The primary distributor of the PH&N Funds and the BonaVista Funds is Phillips, Hager & North Investments Funds Ltd., dba PH&N Investment services,

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.

RBC Global Asset Management, Inc. (RGAM) is an investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. They are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Canada (TSE, NYSE: RY). The firm was founded in 2008 following the merger of RBC Asset Management and Phillips, Hager & North Investment Management in Canada, together with the US-based institutional asset management company, RBC Global Asset Management (US). RGAM provides a wide variety of investment services through mutual funds, pooled funds and separately managed portfolios for both individual and institutional investors. They are the primary investment manager for the RBC Financial Group businesses serving the needs of private clients, which include the RBC Funds.