Michael Chakardjian

Martin Currie Investment Management Ltd. (MCIM) is the Great Britain-based investment management subsidiary of Martin Currie Ltd., ultimately held by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN) in the US. The firm was founded in 1978 and is headquartered in Edinburgh. MCIM performs investment management, dealing, investment support, sales and marketing and platform functions for the Martin Currie group. The firm manages active-equity portfolios for a global client base of financial institutions, charities, foundations, endowments, pension funds, family offices, government agencies and investment funds.

Goldman Sachs International (GSI) is the Great Britain-based, wholly-owned brokerage subsidiary of Goldman Sachs Group UK Ltd., ultimately held by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (NYSE: GS) in the US. The firm was founded in 1988 and formerly known as Trushelfco Ltd. Headquartered in London, GSI provides prime brokerage, securities lending, futures services and financing services for a range of clients such as corporations, financial institutions, governments and high-net worth individuals.

Merrill Lynch International (MLI-UK) is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1988 and is a subsidiary of ML UK Capital Holdings Ltd., ultimately owned by Bank of America Corp. (NYSE: BAC) in the US. MLI-UK provides brokerage services to individual and retail clients.

Citigroup Global Markets Ltd. (CGML) is an international broker-dealer firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1983 and is a subsidiary of Citigroup Global Markets Holdings Bahamas Ltd., ultimately held by Citigroup, Inc. (NYSE: C) in the US. CGML has a major presence in the international financial markets as a dealer, market-maker and underwriter in equity and fixed income securities and offers risk-based solutions to producers and investors in commodity markets. They also provide corporate finance services to a wide range of corporate, institutional and government clients. Their trading activities encompass cash, exchange traded and OTC derivative markets.

JPMorgan Securities LLC (JPMS) is a securities brokerage firm headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1985 and is a subsidiary of JPMorgan Broker-Dealer Holdings, Inc., ultimately held by JPMorgan Chase & Co., Inc. (NYSE: JPM). JPMS provides research on fixed income, credit, derivatives, emerging markets, foreign exchange, structured finance, technical analysis and bond indices. Their equity analysts cover equities throughout North America, EMEA, Asia/Pacific and the emerging markets. The firm's fixed income team formulates trading and portfolio recommendations for investors in global bonds and other fixed-income markets based on valuations, analytics and market dynamics.

Société Générale SA (UK) (Société Générale UK) is the Great Britain-based brokerage division of Societe Generale SA (XP: GLE, ADR: SCGLY) in France. Headquartered in London, Société Générale UK was founded in 1993 and provides broking services.

Economist Intelligence Unit Ltd. (EIU) is the investment research arm of The Economist Newspaper (Holdings) Ltd., which is owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd. The firm is headquartered in London and was founded in 1946. EIU provides a political and economic perspective of global events.

JPMorgan Securities Plc is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1992 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of JP Morgan Capital Holdings Ltd., ultimately owned by JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NYSE: JPM) in the US. JPMorgan Securities provides market research, proprietary pricing data and analytics, and trade execution across multiple asset classes such as credit, equities and FX. They help institutional investors, traditional and alternative asset and fund managers, broker dealers and equity issuers meet the demands of changing markets.

Part of GlobalData Plc, Lombard Street Research Ltd. provides investment research. The company is based in London, UK. Lombard Street Research was acquired by Trusted Sources UK Ltd. on August 01, 2016. The British company was founded in 1989.

Credit Suisse Securities (Europe) Ltd. (Credit Suisse Europe) is the Great Britain-based brokerage subsidiary of Credit Suisse Investment Holdings (UK), itself a subsidiary of Credit Suisse Group AG (SWX: CSGN) in Switzerland. The firm was founded in 1966 and formerly known as Credit Suisse First Boston (Europe) Ltd. Headquartered in London, Credit Suisse Europe arranges financing in international capital markets, provides financial advisory services and acts as a dealer in securities, derivatives and foreign exchange on a principal and agency basis for corporate and institutional investors.

Morgan Stanley & Co. International Plc (MSCI) is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a subsidiary of Morgan Stanley Investments (UK), ultimately held by Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) in the US. MSCI provides a range of brokerage services to corporations, governments and financial institutions.

Joh. Berenberg, Gossler & Co. KG (United Kingdom) (Berenberg-UK) is the Great Britain-based broker/dealer division of Joh. Berenberg, Gossler & Co. KG, a multinational full-service investment bank in Germany. Headquartered in London, Berenberg-UK was founded in 2003 and provides trading and brokerage services to institutional and corporate clients.

HSBC Bank Plc (Broker) (HSBC Bank-Broker) is the broker/dealer division of HSBC Bank Plc, which is owned by HSBC Holdings Plc (LON: HSBA; NYSE: HSBC) in Great Britain. Headquartered in London, HSBC Bank-Broker was founded in 1880 and offers bespoke brokerage services across every major asset class for their corporate and institutional clients.

Chenavari Credit Partners LLP (CCP), do-business-as Chenavari Investment Managers (Chenavari), is a specialised alternative asset-manager headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded by Loïc Fery in 2008 and is a subsidiary of Chenavari Financial Group Ltd. Chenavari provides discretionary investment management and advisory services to pooled investment funds and separate account mandates for institutional investors, multi-managers and family offices globally, which include advisory services to US and non-US clients.

Lyxor Asset Management LLC (Lyxor US) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and hedge fund manager headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1999 as SG Cowen Asset Management, Inc. and changed their name to SG Asset Management Inc. in 2002. Effective September 2009, due to an internal reorganization within the Société Générale group, the firm changed their name to Lyxor Asset Management, Inc. In 2023, they changed their name to Lyxor Asset Management LLC when they were acquired by Wilshire Advisors LLC. Lyxor US provides investment advice to institutional clients typically through the Lyxor AM Funds, separately managed accounts.

BlackRock Advisors (UK) Ltd. (BlackRock UK) is the Great Britain-based investment management subsidiary of BlackRock Finance Europe Ltd., ultimately held by BlackRock, Inc. (NYSE: BLK) in the US. The firm was founded in 1964 and formerly known as Barclays Global Investors Ltd. Headquartered in London, BlackRock UK manages a range of investment products for various UK and continental European clients including defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans, insurance companies, educational and nonprofit organizations, local government entities, and individual and families.

Morgan Stanley Asia Ltd. (MSA) is a broker/dealer headquartered in Hong Kong. The firm was founded in 1987 and is a subsidiary of Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) in the US. MSA provides institutional securities such as equities, fixed income, derivatives and research.

Natixis SA (Broker) is the securities brokerage division of Natixis SA (EPA: KN), a corporate and investment bank headquartered in Paris, France. They are ultimately owned by BCPE SA. The firm provides full spectrum of broking services to various investors.

Capital Economics Ltd. operates as a macro-economic research firm. It offers economic analysis to institutional and corporate clients. The firm also provides conferences, customized presentations, and telephone support services. The company was founded by Roger Bootle in 1999 and headquartered in London, the United Kingdom.

Sanford DeLand Asset Management Ltd. (SDL) is an independent asset management firm headquartered in Leeds, UK. The firm was founded by Keith R. Ashworth-Lord in 2010. SDL manages the CFP SDL UK Buffettology Fund and the CFP SDL Free Spirit Fund (CFP SDL Funds).

UBS AG (Private Banking UK) is the Great Britain-based private banking division of UBS AG (London Branch), ultimately held by UBS Group AG (NYSE: UBS, SWX: UBSG) in Switzerland. Headquartered in London, the firm was founded 1998 and provides a range of private banking services to high-net worth clients.

Exane SA (United Kingdom) is the UK-based securities brokerage division of Exane SA in France, which is owned by BNP Paribas SA (EPA: BNP). Headquartered in London, the firm was founded in 2019 and provides institutional investors with a range of services, such as research, sale and execution on European equities.

TSL Research Group Ltd. is an investment research firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 2016 and in 2022 they became a subsidiary of GlobalData UK Ltd., which is ultimately owned by GlobalData Plc (LON: DATA) in 2022. TSL Research Group offers three distinct research services that can be tailored to suit client’s needs: Global Macro, China and Global Emerging Markets and Global Strategy. They apply their macro and thematic thinking to the specific needs of varied investment professionals across multi-asset, equities, fixed income, wealth management and specialist classes.

Roxbury Asset Management Ltd. (Roxbury) is an independent hedge fund manager headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 2014 by Stephen Zinser and Sohail Malik. Roxbury provides investment advisory and portfolio management services to individuals and institutional clients.