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Vanguard Advisers, Inc., (VAI) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1995 and is a direct subsidiary of Goliath, Inc., which is in turn a subsidiary of The Vanguard Group, Inc. VAI offers an investment advisory service through Vanguard Institutional Advisory Services (VIAS). VIAS provides investment advisory and administrative services primarily to institutional clients such as endowments, foundations, employee benefit plans and trusts, and family offices.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of the following: (1) funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and (2) separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

AJO LP is a registered investment advisor headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It has additional office in Boston. The firm was formerly known as Aronson+Johnson+Ortiz LP. It was founded in 1984 by Theodore Aronson. AJO provides portfolio management services to corporate pension and profits-haring plans, Taft-Hartley plans, multi-employer plans, charitable institutions, foundations, endowments, municipalities, registered mutual funds, private investment funds, trust programs, foreign funds, and other US and international institutions.