Tatha Ghose

Nomura International Plc provides a variety of financial services including advisement, investment banking and asset management. It trades in and sells fixed income and equity products, including related derivatives; and provides investment banking services, and corporate finance and private equity services. The company is also involved in asset and principal finance business. It offers investment advisory and management, custody, and employment services. Nomura International was founded in 1981 and is headquartered in London, the United Kingdom.

Cowen & Co. LLC is a SEC-registered broker/dealer headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 2004 and is a subsidiary of Cowen Holdings, Inc., ultimately owned by The Toronto-Dominion Bank (TSE: TD) in Canada. Cowen & Co. offers industry-focused investment banking for growth-oriented companies, domain knowledge-driven research and a sales and trading platform for institutional investors. Their institutional sales and trading business serves both equity and fixed-income clients. Sales and trading execution platform is structured around the following key verticals: (1) healthcare (2) technology, telecommunications and media (TMT) (3) REITs and financials (4) aerospace and defense (5) consumer and (6) alternative energy.

Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc. (DBSI) is a SEC-registered broker/dealer headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1971 and is a wholly-owned investment banking and brokerage arm of DB U.S. Financial Markets Holding Corp., ultimately held by Deutsche Bank AG (NYSE: DB, FRA: DBK) in Germany. DBSI provides securities brokerage and investment advisory services to domestic and international private clients and institutions. They are also a primary dealer in US government securities as designated by the Federal Reserve.

Goldman Sachs International (GSI) is the Great Britain-based, wholly-owned brokerage subsidiary of Goldman Sachs Group UK Ltd., ultimately held by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (NYSE: GS) in the US. The firm was founded in 1988 and formerly known as Trushelfco Ltd. Headquartered in London, GSI provides prime brokerage, securities lending, futures services and financing services for a range of clients such as corporations, financial institutions, governments and high-net worth individuals.

Deutsche Bank AG /UK/ (Deutsche Bank UK) is the Great Britain-based division of Deutsche Bank AG in Germany, which focuses on retail banking, proprietary management, and private wealth management for individual investors. Established in 1873, the firm is headquartered in London and offers commercial and corporate banking products and services. They promote and coordinate socially responsible activities on behalf of Deutsche Bank and their employees in Great Britain, supporting charities and community organizations within their key focus areas of education, social initiatives, and art.

Citigroup Global Markets Ltd. (CGML) is an international broker-dealer firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1983 and is a subsidiary of Citigroup Global Markets Holdings Bahamas Ltd., ultimately held by Citigroup, Inc. (NYSE: C) in the US. CGML has a major presence in the international financial markets as a dealer, market-maker and underwriter in equity and fixed income securities and offers risk-based solutions to producers and investors in commodity markets. They also provide corporate finance services to a wide range of corporate, institutional and government clients. Their trading activities encompass cash, exchange traded and OTC derivative markets.

JPMorgan Securities LLC (JPMS) is a securities brokerage firm headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1985 and is a subsidiary of JPMorgan Broker-Dealer Holdings, Inc., ultimately held by JPMorgan Chase & Co., Inc. (NYSE: JPM). JPMS provides research on fixed income, credit, derivatives, emerging markets, foreign exchange, structured finance, technical analysis and bond indices. Their equity analysts cover equities throughout North America, EMEA, Asia/Pacific and the emerging markets. The firm's fixed income team formulates trading and portfolio recommendations for investors in global bonds and other fixed-income markets based on valuations, analytics and market dynamics.

Société Générale SA (UK) (Société Générale UK) is the Great Britain-based brokerage division of Societe Generale SA (XP: GLE, ADR: SCGLY) in France. Headquartered in London, Société Générale UK was founded in 1993 and provides broking services.

ING Financial Markets LLC (ING Financial) is a FINRA-registered broker/dealer headquartered in New York City. They have additional offices in Dallas, Houston and Los Angeles. The firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of ING Financial Holdings Corp, itself a subsidiary of ING Groep NV (AMS: INGA) in The Netherlands. ING Financial offers a broad range of investment services to corporate and financial institutions, as well as other ING businesses. Their research team places a particular emphasis on emerging markets. Key product areas offered are: corporate and government debt, credit and equity derivatives, treasury products (including Repo and CP/CD issuance), interest rate derivatives, foreign exchange, structured products and securities financing.

Founded in 2004, TD Securities (USA) LLC is a broker/dealer located in New York City with additional offices in Toronto, Montreal, Calgary, Vancouver, London, Singapore, Tokyo and Sydney. The firm is a subsidiary of Toronto Dominion Holdings (USA), Inc. and their ultimate parent is Toronto-Dominion Bank (NYSE: TD). TD Securities (USA) provides a wide range of capital market products and services to corporate, government and institutional clients in five areas of finance including: investment banking, debt capital markets, institutional equities, foreign exchange and money markets. Their services include the underwriting and distribution of new debt and equity issues, providing advice on strategic acquisitions and divestitures and executing daily trading and investment needs. The equity group provides research coverage of media and communications, technology, financial services, oil and gas, mining and metals, industrial products, forest products, technology, utilities and power, real estate, biotechnology, consumer products and merchandising and quantitative analysis strategy. The fixed-income group provides a full range of underwriting sales and trading products for Canadian, U.S. and European debt issuers and investors.

Deka Investment GmbH (Deka) is the wholly-owned asset management subsidiary of DekaBank Deutsche Girozentrale in Germany. Founded in 1995, the firm is headquartered in Frankfurt and acts as the investment arm of the DekaBank Group. The firm offers a range of funds in a variety of asset classes including large-, mid- and small-cap, corporate and government bonds, asset backed securities and convertible bonds for retail and institutional investors.

JPMorgan Securities Plc is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1992 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of JP Morgan Capital Holdings Ltd., ultimately owned by JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NYSE: JPM) in the US. JPMorgan Securities provides market research, proprietary pricing data and analytics, and trade execution across multiple asset classes such as credit, equities and FX. They help institutional investors, traditional and alternative asset and fund managers, broker dealers and equity issuers meet the demands of changing markets.

Wellington Management International Ltd. (WMIL) is an investment firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1983 and is a subsidiary of Wellington Management Global Holdings Ltd., itself a subsidiary of Wellington Management Group LLP (Wellington Management) in the US. WMIL provides client liaison, investment monitoring and business development services for Wellington Management and its clients in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa (EMEA). The firm also provides research, portfolio management and trading services to Wellington Management and its clients.

HSBC Private Bank (UK) Ltd. (HSBC Private Bank-UK) is the private banking subsidiary of HSBC Bank Plc., ultimately held by HSBC Holdings Plc (LON: HSBA) in Great Britain. The HSBC group can trace their history in London back to 1865 when the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation office opened, and through later acquisitions are linked to Samuel Montagu & Co. Limited, founded in 1853. Headquartered in London, HSBC Private Bank-UK offers a full range of wealth management advice and services to wealthy individuals and their families worldwide.

Fitch Ratings Ltd. (FRL) is an investment research firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1977 and is a subsidiary of Fitch Ratings, Inc., ultimately held by The Hearst Family Trust in the US. FRL provides research and specialized ratings of services to residential and commercial mortgages, asset managers and managed funds. They also publish quantitatively based ratings such as Q-IFS ratings.

Bryan, Garnier & Co Ltd. is a European, full-service growth-focused independent investment bank for technology, healthcare, consumer, and business services companies. The private company is based in London, UK, and has a global presence of subsidiaries in several regions. The British company is well-positioned in a capex intensive industry that is increasingly dynamic both in capital raising and M & A, driven by the 4th Industrial Revolution. Bryan Garnier is the world's leading independent full-service investment bank for European healthcare and technology-led companies and their investors. The company is focused on new disruptive technologies and alternative production models in a variety of domains geared towards fighting climate change and environmental degradation. The consumer sector is transformed across its segments by the way digital natives relate to brands, products, and the environment. The company was founded in 1996 by Olivier Marie Paul Garnier de Falletans.

Part of GlobalData Plc, Lombard Street Research Ltd. provides investment research. The company is based in London, UK. Lombard Street Research was acquired by Trusted Sources UK Ltd. on August 01, 2016. The British company was founded in 1989.

Credit Suisse Securities (Europe) Ltd. (Credit Suisse Europe) is the Great Britain-based brokerage subsidiary of Credit Suisse Investment Holdings (UK), itself a subsidiary of Credit Suisse Group AG (SWX: CSGN) in Switzerland. The firm was founded in 1966 and formerly known as Credit Suisse First Boston (Europe) Ltd. Headquartered in London, Credit Suisse Europe arranges financing in international capital markets, provides financial advisory services and acts as a dealer in securities, derivatives and foreign exchange on a principal and agency basis for corporate and institutional investors.

Commerzbank AG (Broker) (Commerzbank-Broker) is the brokerage division of Commerzbank AG (ETR: CBK) in Germany. In 2009, following Commerzbank's acquisition of Dresdner Kleinwort the group created a Corporates & Markets platform which integrated the business of Dresdner Kleinwort GmbH-Investment Management. Headquartered in Frankfurt, Commerzbank-Broker provides trade solutions to multinational corporations, institutional investors, public entities, SMEs and private clients. They also offer risk management and structured financing solutions.

Joh. Berenberg, Gossler & Co. KG (United Kingdom) (Berenberg-UK) is the Great Britain-based broker/dealer division of Joh. Berenberg, Gossler & Co. KG, a multinational full-service investment bank in Germany. Headquartered in London, Berenberg-UK was founded in 2003 and provides trading and brokerage services to institutional and corporate clients.

RBC Europe Ltd. is the Great Britain-based broker/dealer subsidiary of RBC Europe Ltd., itself a subsidiary of Royal Bank of Canada (TSE: RY) in Canada. Headquartered in London, the firm was founded in 1970 and provides a full spectrum of brokerage services specifically tailored for both retail and institutional investors. The firm is active in several markets, exchanges, and electronic trading platforms.

Commerzbank AG (Investment Management UK) (Commerzbank UK-IM) is the Great Britain-based investment management division of Commerzbank AG (FRA: CBK; OTCMKTS: CRZBY) in Germany. Headquartered in London, Commerzbank UK-IM was founded in 1973 and provides tailor-made solutions for UK corporate and institutional clients.

Credit Agricole Corporate & Investment Bank (UK) (Crédit Agricole CIB-UK) is the Great Britain-based investment division of Credit Agricole Corporate & Investment Bank SA, ultimately owned by Credit Agricole SA (XP: ACA, ADR: CRARY) in France. Formerly known as Calyon, created in 2004 by the transfer of assets from Crédit Lyonnais' Corporate and Investment Banking division to Crédit Agricole Indosuez, the firm changed their name to Credit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank in 2010.[ Crédit Agricole CIB-UK is headquartered in London and provides a range of investment services to large companies and financial institutions.

TSL Research Group Ltd. is an investment research firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 2016 and in 2022 they became a subsidiary of GlobalData UK Ltd., which is ultimately owned by GlobalData Plc (LON: DATA) in 2022. TSL Research Group offers three distinct research services that can be tailored to suit client’s needs: Global Macro, China and Global Emerging Markets and Global Strategy. They apply their macro and thematic thinking to the specific needs of varied investment professionals across multi-asset, equities, fixed income, wealth management and specialist classes.

ODDO BHF AG (Broker) (ODDO BHF-Broker) is the broker/dealer division of ODDO BHF AG, which is owned by Oddo BHF SCA in German. The firm was founded in 1854 and is headquartered in Frankfurt. ODDO BHF-Broker offers a wide range of high value-added broking services for issuers, holding companies and/or family offices.

ODDO BHF Corporates & Markets AG (ODDO BCM) is a securities trading firm headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany. The firm was founded in 1994 and became a subsidiary of France-based Oddo BHF SCA in 2015. ODDO BCM is actively involved in the capital market primarily in four areas: equities and bond trading, market making as a designated sponsor, as a floor specialist broker on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and in Corporate Finance. It advises German and other European SMEs on all their capital market plans, particularly in the areas of capital markets.

Part of Deutsche Bank AG, Deutsche Bank Corp. is a company based in New York, NY.

Sarnia Asset Management Ltd. is a private company based in St. Peter Port, UK. The British company was founded in 2020 by Swen Walter Lorenz, who has been the CEO since its inception.

Commerz Markets LLC is a registered broker/dealer located in New York City. The firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Frankfurt, Germany-based Commerzbank AG (CRZBF.PK), a commercial banking services firm that was founded in 1870. Commerz Markets is a member of FINRA and the SIPC

HSBC Bank Plc (Broker) (HSBC Bank-Broker) is the broker/dealer division of HSBC Bank Plc, which is owned by HSBC Holdings Plc (LON: HSBA; NYSE: HSBC) in Great Britain. Headquartered in London, HSBC Bank-Broker was founded in 1880 and offers bespoke brokerage services across every major asset class for their corporate and institutional clients.

Joh. Berenberg, Gossler & Co. KG (dba Berenberg Bank) is an independent broker/dealer firm headquartered in Hamburg, Germany. Berenberg Bank provides brokerage services for a range of clients.